Job Shortages
The tables below show the top three occupations that are projected from 2018-2028 of New York employers based on the level of education they require. There is a state minimum wage of $12.50 in New York. After 12-31-20, the rate is adjusted annually for inflation until it reaches $15.00 The one highlighted occupation under each of the three education levels has been selected to expand on in terms of potential career advancement.
Potential Career Advancement
1) Personal Care Aide to Certified Nursing Assistant
Personal Care Aide Job Description:
- Provide assistance to individuals with disability or illness in completing daily tasks
Entry Level Requirements:
- Certification is not required, however, 40 hours of training is required by a state-approved training program
- For list of state-approved training programs, click “State-Approved Training” on the right side of the screen
Certified Nursing Assistant Job Description:
- Assist with basic care including the monitoring of health status & medication administration
Career Advancement Requirements:
- Graduate from a Certified Nursing Assistant School, free online CNA practice course here
- 160 hours of training
- Pass the state exam ($115-$135)
2) Bookkeeping, Accounting & Audit Clerks to Accountants & Auditors
Bookkeeping, Accounting & Audit Clerks Job Description:
- Compute, classify and record numerical data to keep financial records accurate and complete
Entry Level Requirements:
- Certification is not required by New York state law, but an Associate’s degree is generally required
- Accounting training programs in New York listed here
Accountants & Auditors Job Description:
- Analyze financial information and prepare financial reports on activities in an organization
Career Advancement Requirements:
- A Bachelor’s degree
- At least 1 year of accounting experience
- Pass the CPA Exam (Approx. $900 with $170 application fee)
- No residency or citizenship requirement
3) Registered Nurses to Nurse Practitioner
Registered Nurse Job Description:
- Assess patient health problems and needs, develop and administer nursing care
Entry Level Requirements:
- Complete an accredited nursing program in New York
- Pass the National Council Licensure Examination-Registered Nurse (NCLEX-RN) exam ($200)
Nurse Practitioner Job Description:
- Diagnose and treat patients independently or as part of a healthcare team
Career Advancement Requirements:
- Earn a graduate degree in a nursing specialty
- Become nationally certified by an accredited agency; renewal every 3 years
- Apply for license
Immigration in New York
The following are facts about the immigrant community in New York:
- Immigrants comprise 23% of the state population and 28% of the New York labor force
- Top industries of immigrant employment:
- Health Care and Social Assistance, 604,741 workers
- Accommodation and Food Services, 301,593 workers
- Retail Trade, 284,432 workers
- Education Services Trade, 232,726 workers
- Transportation and Warehousing, 224,796 workers
- 348,547 immigrant business owners account for 34% of all self-employed New York residents
- 58% of immigrants in New York are naturalized and another 15% are undocumented
- Top foreign-born countries of origin:
- Dominican Republic, 11%
- China, 9%
- Mexico, 5%
- Jamaica, 5%
- India, 4%
- 18% of native-born New Yorkers are children of an immigrant
- Educational attainment of foreign born adults in New York:
- High School diploma or less – 49%
- More than HS diploma, less than Bachelor’s degree – 18%
- Bachelor’s degree or higher – 33%
- Share of Brain Waste* – 21%
* Share of immigrant professionals, who are unemployed, employed at poverty-level wages in High School diploma or less jobs, or significantly underemployed in more than HS diploma, less than Bachelor’s degree jobs
Sources
Jobs
Projections Managing Partnership (PMP), Projections Central – State Occupational Projections, “Long Term Occupational Projection (2018-2028)”; http://www.projectionscentral.com/Projections/LongTerm
Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 2019 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates; https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections, “Education and training assignments by detailed occupation,” 2019; https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/education-and-training-by-occupation.htm
National Council of State Legislatures, “State Minimum Wages”, December 2020; http://www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/state-minimum-wage-chart.aspx#Table
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Economic News Release, “Employees on Nonfarm Payrolls by State, Seasonally adjusted”, November 2020; https://www.bls.gov/news.release/laus.t03.htm
Potential Career Advancement
National Conference of State Legislatures, “The National Occupational Licensing Database”, March 2020: https://www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/occupational-licensing-statute-database.aspx
Immigration
American Immigration Council, State by State Fact Sheet, August 2020; https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/topics/state-by-state